网络知识 娱乐 Android开发之日期时间控件选择

Android开发之日期时间控件选择

Android开发之日期时间控件选择

文章目录

  • 前言
  • 一、创建弹出Layout
    • 1.1 新建Layout,修改样式为LinearLayout
    • 1.2 Layout中添加日期和时间控件
  • 二、新建DateTimeDialog
    • 2.1 创建静态方法
      • 2.1.1 创建SetDateDialog,用于选择日期
      • 2.1.2 SetDateDialog中绑定textView的click事件
    • 2.2 引用
  • 三. 总结


前言

整合Android原生控件(日期控件DatePicker、时间控件TimePicker)实现选择日期、时间绑定。
本文仅仅是一种参考,不光是时间控件,自定义的Layout一样可以采用这种方式。
涉及技术要点:
1.控件事件绑定
2.弹出框AlertDialog
3.日期格式化SimpleDateFormat
弹出效果图


一、创建弹出Layout

1.1 新建Layout,修改样式为LinearLayout

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">


</LinearLayout>

1.2 Layout中添加日期和时间控件

注意需要将控件的calendarViewShown指定为false及datePickerMode属性指定为spinner

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <DatePicker
        android:id="@+id/dialog_datetime_date_picker"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:calendarViewShown="false"
        android:datePickerMode="spinner"/>

    <TimePicker
        android:id="@+id/dialog_datetime_time_picker"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:calendarViewShown="false"
        android:datePickerMode="spinner" />

</LinearLayout>

二、新建DateTimeDialog

创建DateTimeDialog类是为了将方法封装,以便我项目多次调用

public class DateTimeDialog {

}

2.1 创建静态方法

2.1.1 创建SetDateDialog,用于选择日期

public static void SetDateDialog(Context context, Activity activity, TextView textView, String... title) {
}

这里我们将引用控件的context、activity作为参数传入方法中,方便我们动态加载Layout和指定AlertDialog弹出所在的Activity,避免弹出框无法显示。
textView参数为需要绑定选择的控件,并且在选择之后,会将选择的日期返回给textView
titile是可选参数,指定弹出框的标题,不指定的话,会默认为“选择日期”

2.1.2 SetDateDialog中绑定textView的click事件

给textView绑定事件后,在用户点击控件时即可执行相应的事件内容,在此我们需要的是用户点击控件时,弹出日期选择框。

textView.setOnClickListener(view -> {
	AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
	builder.setView(view1);
	builder.create().show();
});

由于我们的控件中含有时间控件,需要隐藏

            View view1 = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.dialog_datetime, null);
            final TimePicker timePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_time_picker);
                        timePicker.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            

如果textView有默认值,则在弹出的时候需要将textView的日期带入弹出框中

            final DatePicker datePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_date_picker);
            Calendar calendar;
            String strDate = textView.getText().toString();
            calendar = convertDateToCalendar(strDate);
            datePicker.init(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR), calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH), calendar.get(Calendar.DATE), null);

设置弹出框的标题

            if (title != null && title.length > 0) {
                builder.setTitle(title[0]);
            } else
                builder.setTitle("选择日期");

实现弹出框的按钮事件:
点击确定时,绑定值给textView,并关闭弹窗;点击取消时,直接关闭天窗;点击现在时,将当前时间传给textView,并关闭弹窗。

            builder.setPositiveButton("确 定", (dialog, i) -> {
                //日期格式
                int year = datePicker.getYear();
                int month = datePicker.getMonth() + 1;
                int dayOfMonth = datePicker.getDayOfMonth();

                textView.setText(String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%d年%d月%d日 ", year, month, dayOfMonth));
                dialog.cancel();
            });
            builder.setNegativeButton("取 消", (dialog, which) -> dialog.cancel());
            builder.setNeutralButton("现 在", (dialog, i) -> {
                SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年M月d日",Locale.getDefault());// HH:mm:ss
                //获取当前时间
                Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
                textView.setText(simpleDateFormat.format(date));
                dialog.cancel();
            });

以下是完整代码:

    public static void SetDateDialog(Context context, Activity activity, TextView textView, String... title) {
        textView.setOnClickListener(view -> {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
            View view1 = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.dialog_datetime, null);
            final DatePicker datePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_date_picker);
            final TimePicker timePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_time_picker);
            timePicker.setIs24HourView(true);

            Calendar calendar;
            String strDate = textView.getText().toString();
            calendar = convertDateToCalendar(strDate);
            datePicker.init(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR), calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH), calendar.get(Calendar.DATE), null);
            timePicker.setHour(calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY));
            timePicker.setMinute(calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE));

            timePicker.setVisibility(View.GONE);
//            datePicker.setCalendarViewShown(false);
            //设置Date布局
            builder.setView(view1);
            if (title != null && title.length > 0) {
                builder.setTitle(title[0]);
            } else
                builder.setTitle("选择日期");

            builder.setPositiveButton("确 定", (dialog, i) -> {
                //日期格式
                int year = datePicker.getYear();
                int month = datePicker.getMonth() + 1;
                int dayOfMonth = datePicker.getDayOfMonth();

                textView.setText(String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%d年%d月%d日 ", year, month, dayOfMonth));
                dialog.cancel();
            });
            builder.setNegativeButton("取 消", (dialog, which) -> dialog.cancel());
            builder.setNeutralButton("现 在", (dialog, i) -> {
                SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年M月d日",Locale.getDefault());// HH:mm:ss
                //获取当前时间
                Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
                textView.setText(simpleDateFormat.format(date));
                dialog.cancel();
            });
            builder.create().show();
        });

    }

同样的方式我们再实现选择日期时间的方法,具体不再赘述,上代码:

   public static void SetDateTimeDialog(Context context, Activity activity, TextView textView, String... title) {
        textView.setOnClickListener(view -> {
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
            View view1 = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.dialog_datetime, null);
            final DatePicker datePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_date_picker);
            final TimePicker timePicker = view1.findViewById(R.id.dialog_datetime_time_picker);
            timePicker.setIs24HourView(true);
//            datePicker.setCalendarViewShown(false);

            Calendar calendar;
            String strDate = textView.getText().toString();
            calendar = convertDateToCalendar(strDate);
            datePicker.init(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR), calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH), calendar.get(Calendar.DATE), null);
            timePicker.setHour(calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY));
            timePicker.setMinute(calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE));

            //设置Date布局
            builder.setView(view1);
            if (title != null && title.length > 0) {
                builder.setTitle(title[0]);
            } else
                builder.setTitle("选择时间");

            builder.setPositiveButton("确 定", (dialog, i) -> {
                //日期格式
                int year = datePicker.getYear();
                int month = datePicker.getMonth() + 1;
                int dayOfMonth = datePicker.getDayOfMonth();

                int hour = timePicker.getHour();
                int min = timePicker.getMinute();
//                    timePicker.getSecond();
                textView.setText(String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%d年%d月%d日 %d:%d", year, month, dayOfMonth, hour, min));
                dialog.cancel();
            });
            builder.setNegativeButton("取 消", (dialog, which) -> dialog.cancel());
            builder.setNeutralButton("现 在", (dialog, i) -> {
                SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年M月d日 HH:mm", Locale.getDefault());// HH:mm:ss
                //获取当前时间
                Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
                textView.setText(simpleDateFormat.format(date));
                dialog.cancel();
            });
            builder.create().show();
        });
    }

文中提到的convertDateToCalendar是笔者用于日期转换的,您可以根据自己的需要去灵活实现

    private static Calendar convertDateToCalendar(String strDate) {
        int year;
        int month;
        int day;
        int hour;
        int minute;
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();

        //获取当前时间
        Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());

        calendar.setTime(date);
//        calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH,1);
        year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        day = calendar.get(Calendar.DATE);
        hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);

        if (strDate != null && !strDate.equals("")) {
            if (strDate.contains(":")) {
                strDate = strDate.split(":")[1];
            }


            strDate = strDate.replace("年", "-").replace("月", "-").replace("日", "").replace(".", "").replace(" ", "-").replace(":", "-");
            Log.d("liuwz", "convertDateToCalendar: "+strDate);
            if (strDate.split("-").length >= 3) {
                year = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[0]);
                month = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[1]);
                day = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[2]);
                if (strDate.split("-").length >= 5) {
                    hour = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[3]);
                    minute = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[4]);
                }
                calendar.set(year, month, day, hour, minute);
                calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, -1);
            } else if (strDate.split("-").length >= 2) {
                hour = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[0]);
                minute = Integer.parseInt(strDate.split("-")[1]);
                calendar.set(year, month, day, hour, minute);
            }
        }

        return calendar;
    }

至此已经大功告成,下面看下如何引用

2.2 引用

在任意需要用到选择时间的Activity的onCreate方法中添加下面一句代码即可:

               DateTimeDialog.SetDateDialog(getApplicationContext(), MainActivity.this, timeSelectView, "请选择日期");

将其中的MainActivity修改为您当前的Activity;将timeSelectView 修改为您页面中的时间TextView或者EditView,“请选择日期”为可选参数,可忽略。

三. 总结

本文仅仅为了使用方便而对AlertDialog进行了封装,用的是Android的原生控件,写在此处仅仅给新入门的朋友们以参考。